2003 Volume 39
This issue of Buried History brings the journal’s
publishing schedule almost up to date. Volume 40 will be published
toward year end and will, like this volume, include papers of
lectures delivered during the year.
The Institute was honoured to have the 2003
Petrie Oration delivered by Prof Rosalie David. The paper presented
at the lecture begins this issue. Rosalie is a prolific author
and her stature as an Egyptologist was recognized in 2003 with
the award of an Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the Queen’s
Honours List. She is the KNH Professor of Biomedical Egyptology,
and Director of the KNH Centre for Biomedical Egyptology at the
University of Manchester. Rosalie has been responsible for reviving
the scientific analysis of Egyptian mummies and it is therefore
fitting that a couple of later papers in this issue deal with
two of the Institute’s mummies.
The 2003 Beasley Lecture sponsored by the Institute
and delivered in both Sydney and Melbourne was given by Right
Reverend Paul Barnett. His topic is current and he presents forceful
arguments to support his position. Paul has had a distinguished
career as an educator and bishop within the Sydney Anglican community.
Most recently he was Master of Robert Menzies College at Macquarie
University. Paul is known for his research into early church history,
especially in Asia Minor, where he has also traveled extensively.
The paper describing the analysis of the mummified
child’s head focuses on the dental evidence. Pamela Craig
is a dentist who has a special interest in Forensic Dentistry.
She teaches Oral Anatomy and Radiology at the School of Dental
Science, The University of Melbourne and is an honorary forensic
Odontologist to the Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine.
Janet Davey, who incidentally is no relation, teaches ancient
Egyptian history at the College of Advanced Education in Melbourne.
She has studied Egyptology at the University of Manchester and
is soon to return there for a post-graduate program in Biomedical
and Forensic Egyptology. She is the founder of the Melbourne Mummy
Project which has marshaled scientific expertise in Melbourne
for the study of ancient remains.
The paper about the Institute’s child
mummy presents some of the findings of the Melbourne Mummy team.
In addition to those already mentioned the authors are Dr David
Ranson, a Forensic Pathologist, Victorian Institute of Forensic
Medicine, Lee Coleman, Pediatric Radiologist, Royal Children’s
Hospital and Alan McKenzie, a Diagnostic Radiologist. Other members
of the team are acknowledged at the conclusion of the paper. The
Institute has been delighted to have such a distinguished panel
of experts studying its collection. Some of the material in the
paper was presented during a demonstration inquest held at the
Victorian Coroner’s Court during Professor David’s
visit in 2003.
The report on the survey expedition to the el-Kharga
Oasis in the Western Desert of Egypt was prepared by a group of
Melbourne based scholars working on Coptic material. Dr Matthew
J Martin is at the Melbourne College of Divinity, Simone Rickerby
has a position at Whitley College and Dr Geoffrey Jenkins is an
Honorary Fellow at Deakin University.
We are again pleased to have material from Matthew Whincop. Matthew
is at Durham University where he is completing a doctorate on
Syrian Iron Age pottery. He is therefore well placed to review
the recently published volume on the archaeological record in
Syria.
The revised format of Buried History represented
by the last issue was welcomed and we trust that this volume receives
similar endorsement. We acknowledge all our authors and the referees
who have assisted in the task of preparation.
Christopher Davey
February 2004
Table
of Contents
Papers
William Petrie and the Egyptology
Collection at the Manchester Museum, England - A. Rosalie
David Read Abstract
The Birth of Christianity
- Paul Barnet Read Abstract
A Radiographic Study of the
Head of a Child from Graeco-Roman Egypt - Pamela Craig
and Janet Davey Read Abstract
A Mummified Child
- Janet Davey, David Ranson, Pam Craig, Lee Coleman and Alan McKenzie
Read Abstract
Ain Sa'af, Kharga Oasis,
Egypt Preliminary Survey, 2002-2003 - Matthew J Martin,
Simone Rickerby, R Geoffrey Jenkins Read Abstract
Reviews
and Brief Communications
Matthew Whincop:
The Archaeology of Syria: From Complex Hunter-Gatherers to Early
Urban Societies (ca. 16,000-300 BC) by Akkermans, P.M.M.G. and
Schwartz, G.M. - Read Review
Abstracts
William
Petrie and the Egyptology Collection at the Manchester Museum,
England.
A. Rosalie David
Sir William Flinders Petrie (the
grandson of Captain Matthew Flinders who explored the coast of
Australia between 1797 and 1803) had a brilliant career as an
archaeologist that spanned five decades, and his contribution
to the subject in developing scientific methodologies for excavation
is unparallelled. Initially, it wasAmelia B.Edwards, a founder
of The Egypt Exploration Fund in London, who recognised Petrie’s
genius, and ensured that he was recruited as one of the Fund’s
first archaeologists. However, disagreements with the Committee
led to a parting of the ways, and in 1886, he had no excavations
in view and his career faced premature extinction. Amelia Edwards
then introduced Petrie to Jesse Haworth, a textile manufacturer
with an interest in Egyptology who lived in Manchester, England.
He took up the support of Petrie’s work and, for many years,
he financed his excavations. Finds from these sites came to form
the basis of two major collections: at The Petrie Museum, University
College London, and at The Manchester Museum, University of Manchester.
The recent establishment of the endowed KNH Centre and Chair for
Biomedical Egyptology at the University of Manchester has fulfilled
Jesse Haworth’s hope that the university would establish
a professorship in Egyptology. Read
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The
Birth of Christianity
Paul Barnet
Crossan and Casey are examples of
those who say that in the first twenty years Jesus was re-defined
as ‘Son of God’ and ‘Lord’. These and
other accounts make inquiry into those two decades quite critical.
We are able to affirm the broad lines of the narrative of Acts
by undisputed information in Paul’s earliest letters and
by the data in the ‘we’ passages in Acts. Case studies
in Rom 1:1-4 and in the recorded teaching of Philip points to
the pervasive influence of the ‘teaching of the apostles’,
Peter’s in particular. The pre-history of the underived
Gospels of Mark and John, as well as the Synoptic sources Q, L
and M are to be sought in this critical two-decade period immediately
‘after Jesus’. Read
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A
Radiographic Study of the Head of a Child from Graeco-Roman Egypt
Pamela Craig and Janet Davey
In the case
described, a request to ascertain the age at death of a Graeco-Roman
mummified head by dental radiographic means revealed some unexpected
and interesting information. The radiographic study revealed extensive
dental caries, an unexpected low level of wear on the teeth, and
evidence of possible interceptive orthodontic treatment having
been carried out on the child’s teeth prior to death. The
authors argue that that the latter may have contributed to the
death. Read More...
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A
Mummified Child.
Janet Davey, David Ranson, Pam Craig, Lee Coleman and Alan McKenzie
The investigation of a child’s
mummified human remains from the Graeco-Roman Period, as part
of the Melbourne Mummy Project has produced some interesting results
that may offer an alternate explanation for the poor condition
of the remains. The body wrapped in linen and decorated with mismatched
cartonnage coverings shows signs of being interred for some time
before mummification. Although removal of the brain and internal
organs has occurred post mortem, there is other evidence suggesting
that the body has suffered unexplained injuries and damage not
necessarily due to poor mummification techniques. Read
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Ain Sa'af, Kharga Oasis Egypt Preliminary Survey,
2002-2003
Matthew J Martin, Simone Rickerby, R Geoffrey Jenkins
Members of an Australian archaeological mission conducted
preliminary survey work at the site of Ain Sa’af in
the Kharga Oasis of Egypt's Western Desert, over two short
seasons in 2002 and 2003.
The site of Ain Sa’af is located three kilometres north
of the famous early Christian necropolis of Bagawat, on the
plain at the foot of the western side of the Gebel al-Teir,
and five kilometers north of the ancient town of Hibis, the
capital of the Great (Kharga) Oasis. (Fig 1). The site was
named by the Kharga Antiquities Inspectorate when they investigated
the area in the 1980s and 1990s. The ancient name of the site
is not known. Read
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Reviews and Brief Communications
Akkermans,
P.M.M.G. and Schwartz, G.M. - The Archaeology of Syria: From Complex
Hunter-Gatherers to Early Urban Societies (ca. 16,000-300 BC)
Reviewed by Matthew Whincop
This much anticipated synthesis of
recent developments in Syrian Archaeology is, as its back cover
reminds us, the "[f]irst book to present a comprehensive
review of the archaeology of Syria from the end of the Paleolithic
period to 300 BC." With such a broad period and diverse cultural
history in mind, this book is certainly a good introduction to
the archaeology of the region. Read
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Reviews
and Brief Communications
Places
Hidden in the Old Testament - Paul J.N. Lawrence
The Old Testament contains some 8,500 proper
names, of which several thousand are place names. The overwhelming
majority of these place names have been identified as place
names and have been translated as such.
In this article I hope to look at
two examples where the traditional Hebrew text of the Old Testament
may conceal a hidden place name, and briefly comment on an example
of the process in reverse. Read
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Exploring
the Bronze Age in Cyrus: Australian Perspectives - Jennifer
M. Webb,
Jennifer M. Webb, Exploring the Bronze
Age in Cyprus. Australian Perspectives, Museum of Antiquities,
Maurice Kelly Lecture, University of New England, 2002 (36pp)
Reviewed by Kathrun O. Eriksson
This lecture was the fifth in a series
of public lectures established to honour Dr. Maurice Kelly and
to recognise his vision in establishing in the the 1950’s
the Museum of Antiquities at the University of New England –
the onlt archaeological museum at a non metropolitan university
in Australia. The Museum has acquired quite a significant collection
of Cypriot artifacts since it was established. Read
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